Which PID term is designed to eliminate steady-state error?

Which PID term is designed to eliminate steady-state error?

• A. Proportional term
• B. Derivative term
• C. All of the above
• D. Integral term

Answer: (D)

The integral term is designed to eliminate steady-state error. It works by summing the error over time, so a persistent offset causes the integral to accumulate. This growing corrective action continues until the error goes to zero, at which point the accumulation stops (assuming proper anti-windup measures). The proportional term reacts to the current error and often leaves a steady offset, while the derivative term reacts to how quickly the error is changing and helps with damping but doesn’t remove steady-state offset. So the integral action specifically targets and eliminates steady-state error.

The integral term is designed to eliminate steady-state error. It works by summing the error over time, so a persistent offset causes the integral to accumulate. This growing corrective action continues until the error goes to zero, at which point the accumulation stops (assuming proper anti-windup measures). The proportional term reacts to the current error and often leaves a steady offset, while the derivative term reacts to how quickly the error is changing and helps with damping but doesn’t remove steady-state offset. So the integral action specifically targets and eliminates steady-state error.